петък, 18 март 2016 г.

Verbum: Indicativus praesentis activi - Coniugatio III (Third conjugation present tense indicative)

Coniugatio III (-ere; short e);
lego, legere, legi, lectum - to read - III conj.
trado, tradere,tradidi, traditus - to deliver, to hand over - III conj
tribuo, tribuere, tribui, tributus - to bestow - III conj.
facio, facere, feci, factum to make - III conj.

Coniugatio II (-ere; long e)
video, videre, vidi, visus - to see - II conj.
faveo, favere, favi, fautum - to favour, to support, to encourage - II conj.

A/ Lego & trado type 
Legere - infinitivus
Lego - persona prima; singularis

Legere > leg-ere > leg

Sg:                                                                              Pl:

1. leg-o                                                               1. leg-i-mus
2. leg-i-s                                                              2. leg-i-tis
3. leg-i-t                                                                3. leg-u-nt


B/ tribuo type - the root ends in "u"

tribuere - infinitivus
tribuo - persona prima; singularis

tribuere> tribu-ere > tribu

Sg                                                                                  Pl:

1. tribu-o                                                            1. tribu-i-mus
2. tribu-i-s                                                           2. tribu-i-tis
3. tribu-i-t                                                            3. tribu-u-nt


C/ Facio type (thid conjugation -io type) (Pay close attention to these!!!)

facEre - infinitivus
facIO - persona prima; singularis
facere > fac-ere > fac

Sg                                                                                Pl:
1. faci-o                                                              1. fac-i-mus
2. fac-i-s                                                              2. fac-i-tis
3. fac-i-t                                                                3. faci - u -nt


* Third conjugation is the trickiest one for most of us who make our first steps in Latin. The first reason is that as I have shown above, it could be easily mistaken with the second conjugation. So ALWAYS check not only the infinitive in your dictionary, but the first person singular form of the verb. If you have both these forms before you then you would be able to tell the difference between second and third conjugation. 
** The IO type of verbs in third conjugation are another issue. They could look like IV conjugation too. Some label them as a type of irregular verbs which form 1st person singular and 3rd person plural as a fourth conjugation verb, but all their other forms - as a third conjugation verb. It's a good enough explanation so you can conjugate them properly. However, in my humble and novice opinion, the short "e" from the infinitive continues "to live" as an "i" if there is a vowel after it. That's why I have marked it as a part of the root  because it's not the same "i" which serves as a linking vowel and you can see in the whole conjugation.